Radio telescope (radio telescope) refers to the basic equipment for observing and studying radio waves from celestial bodies. It can measure the intensity, frequency spectrum and polarization of radio waves from celestial bodies. Including directional antennas that collect radio waves, high-sensitivity receivers that amplify radio signals, information recording, processing and display systems, etc. In the 1960s, astronomy made four very important discoveries: pulsars, quasars, cosmic microwave background radiation, and interstellar organic molecules, which are called the "Four Discoveries". These four discoveries are all related to radio telescopes.
In 1931, Carl Yansky, a scientist at Bell Labs in the United States, invented a rotating antenna array that used radio waves to detect celestial bodies. In the 1980s, the VLBA array in the United States and the space VLBI in Japan were successfully developed one after another. This is the representative of a new generation of radio telescopes.
On October 28, 2012, Asia's largest omnidirectional rotatable radio telescope was officially completed at the Shanghai Astronomical Observatory. The overall performance of this radio telescope ranks first in Asia and fourth in the world. It can observe celestial bodies 10 billion light-years away. It will participate in China's lunar exploration projects and various deep-space explorations.
The 500-meter spherical radio telescope (FAST), known as the "China Sky Eye", is the world's largest single-aperture and most sensitive radio telescope. It was completed in Guizhou in September 2016.
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