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Continuing from the previous article, the development history of the telescope (1):
In 1793, British Hessel (William Herschel) made a reflecting telescope with a diameter of 130 cm, made of copper-tin alloy and weighing 1 ton.
A reflecting telescope made by William Parsons in the United Kingdom in 1845 has a diameter of 1.82 meters.
In 1917, the Hooker Telescope was built at the Mount Wilson Observatory in California, USA. Its main reflector has a diameter of 100 inches. It was with this telescope that Edwin Hubble discovered the amazing fact that the universe is expanding.
In 1930, German Bernhard Schmidt took advantage of the advantages of refracting telescopes and reflecting telescopes (refracting telescopes have small aberrations but chromatic aberrations, and the larger the size, the more expensive they are. The reflecting telescopes have no chromatic aberration, are low in cost, and can be made very large. , But there are aberrations) combined to make the first catadioptric telescope.
After the war, reflecting telescopes developed rapidly in astronomical observations. In 1950, a 5.08-meter-diameter Hale reflecting telescope was installed on Palomar Mountain.
In 1969, a 6-meter-diameter mirror was installed on the Pastukhov Mountain in the northern Caucasus of the former Soviet Union.
In 1990, NASA put the Hubble Space Telescope into orbit. However, due to a mirror failure, the Hubble Telescope did not start to become fully functional until 1993 after the astronauts completed the space repair and replaced the lens. Because it can not be disturbed by the earth's atmosphere, the image clarity of the Hubble Telescope is 10 times that of images taken by similar telescopes on the earth.
In 1993, the United States built a 10-meter-diameter "Keck Telescope" on Mauna Kea Mountain in Hawaii. Its mirror surface was assembled by 36 1.8-meter mirrors.
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